Cylinder-head.



P. HENTSCHKE.

CYLINDER HEAD. APPLICATION FILAED FEB. i9, i917- wl. Patented Dec. 30,1919.

diddl erinnern,

MISEURI.

Specification o Letters Patent.

llnttented Mee.. 3U, i919.

Application filed February i9, 1917. Serial lite. lil-9,408.

wutcncooled internal combustion engines,

which is accomplished hy n virtuel seperatiun in the heed casting of the perte which curry the ports or passages for intake und enhnust and 'the parts which serve tor the eleinpingwr of the heed to the end of the cylinder, so that the mechanical und thermal strains are substantially eoniined to diierent regions and their eleets thereby rendered fl fr less severe. Such separation also permits the sind passages to be in thev forni of tree pipes,

disposed: desired, und surrounded et all sides by the water of' the cooling jacket or other cooling'inediuni `and united only et their ends with the heed, whereby they Iare unrestricted in respect not only to their thermal expansions and contractions, and^ ere adequately cooled, but also in respect to their shrinkage strains after costing. rlhe design an d location of the lateral ports ot n niulticylinder engine are, thus, unrestricted by the exigencics of the clamping ineens, which,

for its part, can be constructed with e View to lightness, strength and cornpnctness without limitation by the forni or the ported zone. Other features and advantages will appear from the following description in connection with the embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l .is an elevation und vertical scction of two adjoining cylinders and their heads, of u .multi-cylinder engine und illustrating' the preferred embodiment ot the principle of the invention;

Fig. 2 comprises e partial plan und hori- Zonta] sections of the seine tnlien in diii'erent planes; und

Fig. 3 is n xjerticnl section on the irregular iin@ iii-iii or Fig. e.

Euch oi' the sepnrutelycest cylinders 2 has :L nixdorf-jacket Ishell 3 shown :is integral with its inner wall wherein operates the piston t. The heads .V2 are integral hollow cash ings, the interiors oi which form Water .spaces (3. Within this space in euch heed nreA linterni passages 7 and 8 for intuire and exheust, in the present case, the seine being termed by interior walls or" the casting end constituted es tree pipes with uniformly thin wells end surrounded et all sides by the wetenjeeliet space and united integrally et their outer ends with one'ot the side walls oi' the casting, to n'hich the exhaust and intuire pipes 9 and l0 may be bolted, und et their inner endsto the-wells of valve chenibers ll end l2, which intersect the cylinderhead land open into the combustion space.

Below the zone oi' the lateral passages just described, that is to guy, toward the crunk-shaft, not shown, the head is formed with" Jr belt of socket lugs 13, having closed tops in the present cese, corresponding to which Irire other lugs li arranged in n belt upon the exterior of the engine cylinder or its wuter-jzufket, this zone being oi' greater dinlnetcr thun the zone or the interni port pnssngcs. Stud bolts l pnssed through the lugs li are screwed into` the lugs 13, with nuts 16 lupon their cylinder endsI und ucconnnodated in recesses 17 in the outside wnll et the nuter-jzurket, serve to drew the heed to the cylinder with the requisite clamping pressure.

rllie pussugcs 7 und 8, it will be observed, ure above 'the clninpinn` region denoted by the locution of the belt of bolt holes und are consequently tree from stresses eet up by the clunrping' pressure und do not superudd their expansion und contraction strains, duc to the thermal clinngcs, to the norluul mechnnicnl strain oi the cl-unping' ineens. Euch port ot the heard is thus independent oi 'the other so tur :is its inter-unl stresses ure concerned und the structure Vus n whole is therefore relieved of the complex strains wliich have been the cause oit rupture yin heauls ot' connnon design. rl`he slight offset or bowing' of the pipe pnssupges 7 und 8 us shown in Fig. 2, is for the purpose oi' giving` them u certain flexibility in the coolingof the casting` when it is inode, so ns to uvoid us fur :is possible internal struins due to the process of nuinnfncture.

The heud muy also be provided with udditionnl, vertical chambers or pussuges 1S, lf) und 20, lo be equipped with vulves ot" different kinds forming' no purt ot the invention. .Tt will also be uppurent that the separation el' the functions or' the head ports; ns nbove described only `he applied to various kinds cylinder heads, oil diii'erent purpose und appearance troni that herein shown with the benefit oi' the results above described and within the scope of the inven- It will -be observed that it becomes possible not only to form the passages in the most beneficial manner, but also to dispose them in the relation deemed most favorable for the purposes of a multi-cylinder engine, while on the other hand the attaching means is also of superior character, the elements of the design being reconciled in a unitary structure, to the advantage of each and the improvement of the whole.

'hat l claim as new is:

l. In an internal combustion engine7 and in combination with a water-jacketed cylinder. a water-cooled head comprising a hollow casting containing a water space trav ersed by lateral port passages in the nature ol free pipes integral at both endsI with the casting. and clamping bolt-and socket means disposed in a zone at the end of the cylinder and the base of the head below the Zone containing Asaith 'free pipe ports, whereby the regions of thermal and clamping strain are su'ostantially distinct.

2. A water-cooled cylinder head for internal combustion engines,l comprising a 'hollow casting with gas passages in a zone in its vinterior water space, land a belt of Socket lugs around said head forming a zone of greater'dia-meter on the cylinder side of thev zone of said gas passages a-ndserving as clamp means for securing the head to oyllnder.

the x 3. 1n an internal combustion engine, the 35 combination of a water-cooled head coinprising a hollow castlng having laterallyextending gas passages 1n its interior and a belt of closed-top socket lugs around its lower portion below the zone 0|' said pas- 40 sages, a water-cooled cylinder having a belt of complementary socket lugs around the upper portion of its water-1aeket, stud bolts .passed through the cylinder sockets and screwed into tlre head sockets, and nuts on the lower ends of the stud bolts accommodated in external recesses in the outer wall oi the Water-jacket.

l. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a. water-jacketed cylinder7 a 50 )assatres in the nature of free intefrral Ji es b n l p and clamping bolt and socket means for said head dlsposed around the cylinder end- 1 thereof andseparate from the zone containing said tree pipe ports whereby the regions of thermal and clamping Strain are substanti-ally distinct.l y l A In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.' l

PAUL HENTSCHKE. 

